View source for -āk-

{{morpheme
|type_morpheme=derivational
|function=adjectival (hypocoristic?, patronymic?)
|language=Celtic
|analysis_phonemic=-/{{p|ā}}{{p|k}}/-
|from_pie=*-''eh₂-k''(''o'')-
|from_protocelt=*-''āk''-
|checklevel=1
|problem=mehr/neuere Literatur?
}}
== Commentary ==
Adjectival ''k''-suffix, indicating appurtenance; -''āk''- through resegmentation (cf. {{m||-ik-}} and {{m||-uk-}}). See {{bib|Russell 1990}}: 8–12 for the IE evidence. In Celtic, lexical and onomastic Ir. -''ach'', MW -''awc'', ModW -''og'', OBret. -''ec'' (Insular Celtic material in {{bib|Russell 1990}}). Frequent in Continental Celtic personal names and toponyms, also in ethnonyms mainly in Celtiberian (Continental Celtic material in {{bib|Russell 1988}}; {{bib|Lambert 1994}}: 34 f., 39). In Continental Celtic PNN, the exact function is unclear: occurrences of names in -''ak''- following a PN in Gaulish (G-203, G-118, G-28 -''i̯ako''-) may indicate patronymic function, but the frequency of individual names derived with -''ak''- suggests that the suffix could also be used to form hypocoristics ({{bib|Russell 1988}}: 136–138, {{bib|Russell 1990}}: 18–21).

Only one certain attestation in Cisalpine Celtic (Gaulish) so far, but cf. {{bib|Lejeune 1974}}: 50–57 and {{bib|Russell 1988}}: 157–161 on the possible influence of Celtic adjectival ''k''-suffixes on the productivity of such suffixes in Venetic onomastics.

Long ''ā'' is demonstrated by W -''awc''/-''og'', the Gallo-Romance evidence, and the treatment of -''acus'' in Latin verse ({{bib|Russell 1988}}: 133).
<p style="text-align:right;>[[User:Corinna Salomon|Corinna Salomon]]</p>
{{bibliography}}