Morphological Lexicon

From Lexicon Leponticum
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Below, you can find a comprehensive collection of all morphemes in inscriptions with relevance for the study of Cisalpine Celtic.
At the moment, there are 140 morphemes included in Lexicon Leponticum.
Note that stem vowels are registered as part of the inflectional endings or as separate composition vowels; lexical and derivational morphemes are listed without the stem vowels.
See Conventions and Abbreviations for transliteration conventions and Morphology for further information.

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Full list of morphemes contained in Lexicon Leponticum

MorphemeTypeMeaningFunctionLanguage
inflectionalnom. sg. (ā-stem)Celtic
-ā-derivationalcomposition vowelCeltic
-a-derivationalcomposition vowelCeltic
ad-lexical'to; very'intensifyingCeltic
ag-lexical'battle'; 'lead, do'(?)Celtic
aged-lexicalunknownCeltic
-āi̯inflectionaldat. sg. (ā-stem)Celtic
ai̯u-lexical'lifeforce, lifetime'Celtic
-āk-derivationaladjectival (hypocoristic?, patronymic?)Celtic
-al-derivationalpatronymicLepontic
alk-lexical'elk' (?)Celtic
-āminflectionalacc. sg. (ā-stem)Celtic
ambi-lexical'around'Celtic
an-lexicalunknownCeltic
ande-lexical'(with)in, beneath; very' (?)Celtic
are-lexical'in front, before, near, east of'Celtic
art-lexical'bear'Celtic
-āsinflectionalgen. sg. (ā-stem)Celtic
ass-lexicalunknownCeltic
-at-derivationalunknownCeltic
ate-lexical'again; very'intensifyingCeltic
at(t)-lexicalunknownCeltic
banu̯-lexical'young pig'Celtic
belg-lexical'proud / wrathful' (?)Celtic
bi-lexical'strike, hit'Celtic
bir(r)-lexical'short' (?)Celtic
bit-lexical'world, age, life'Celtic
biu̯-lexical'alive, vital'Celtic
brig-lexical'height, mountain, fortress'Celtic
brīg-lexical'worth, honour'Celtic
brist-lexical'fight'Celtic
brū-lexicaluncertainCeltic
brog-lexical'border, territory'Celtic
buđ-lexicalunknownCeltic
bou̯-lexical'cow, cattle'Celtic
bou̯d-lexical'victory'Celtic
dall-lexical'blind'Celtic
dēu̯-lexical'god'Celtic
dubn-lexical'deep; world'Celtic
dūr-lexical'hard' ('long'?)Celtic
dut-lexicalunknownCeltic
-e-derivationalcomposition vowelCeltic
-einflectional3rd person singular pastCeltic
-ed-derivationalunclearCeltic
-ei̯inflectionaldat. sg. (i-stem)Celtic
el-lexical'many, much'Celtic
-en-derivationalunknownCeltic
ep-lexical'horse'Celtic
-eśinflectionalacc. sg. (cons. stem)Celtic
-et-derivationalagentiveCeltic
ēt-lexical'meadow, pasture, (grazing) land'Celtic
eχs-lexical'out of, without'Celtic
gal-lexical'ability, strength, valour'Celtic
galat-lexical'having ability, strength, valour'Celtic
gi̯am-lexical'winter'Celtic
gon(n)-lexical'descendant, offspring' (?)Celtic
-i̯-derivationalindividualising suffix, genitival suffixCeltic
inflectionalgen. sg. (o-stem)Cisalpine Gaulish
-i-derivationalcomposition vowelCeltic
i̯ant-lexical'ambition, zeal' (?)Celtic
-ii̯-derivationalpatronymicCeltic
-ik-derivationalhypocoristic (?)Celtic
-ikn-derivationalpatronymicCeltic
-il(l)-derivationaldiminutive (?)Celtic
in-lexical'in'-Celtic
-ī̆n-derivationaladjectivalCeltic
-isinflectionalnom. sg. (i-stem)Celtic
-isam-derivationalsuperlativeCeltic
-iss-derivationalhypocoristicCeltic
ist-lexicaldemonstrative pronounCeltic
i̯ou̯ink-lexical'young'Celtic
kai̯-lexicalunknownunknown
kal-lexical'hard'Celtic
kart-lexicalunknownCeltic
kass-lexicalunknownCeltic
kat-lexical'battle, fight'Celtic
king-lexical'walk, stride'Celtic
kint-lexical'first'Celtic
klut-lexical'famous'Celtic
kob-lexical'victory'Celtic
koi̯l-lexical'meagre, spare'Celtic
kom-lexical'(together) with'Celtic
kott-lexical'old'Celtic
lān-lexical'plain'Celtic
leu̯k-lexical'bright, shining'Celtic
mat-lexical'good, fortunate, advantageous'Celtic
medi̯-lexical'middle'Celtic
mīn-lexical'mild, gentle'Celtic
-nt-derivationalpresent participleCeltic
penn-lexical'head, top'Celtic
pli-lexicalunknownCeltic
prit-lexical'form, shape, manner'Celtic
pompe-lexical'five'Celtic
-śo-lexical'it, them'infixed pronounCisalpine Gaulish
rat-lexical'favour, boon, fortune'Celtic
ret-lexical'run, race'Celtic
rīg-lexical'ruler, king'Celtic
rii̯-lexical'free'Celtic
rit-lexical'course, race, attack?'Celtic
-sinflectionalnom. sg. (cons. stem)Celtic
-s (3pl.)inflectional3rd person pluralCeltic
seg-lexical'strength, victory'Celtic
-tinflectionalpreteriteCeltic
tal-lexical'front, forehead'Celtic
tengu̯-lexical'tongue'Celtic
tep-lexical'run, flee'Celtic
to-inflectionalCeltic
tou̯t-lexical'crowd, people'; 'good, north, left, bad, magic'Celtic
-u-derivationalcomposition vowelCeltic
inflectionalnom. sg. (on-stem)Celtic
-ū (3sg.)inflectional3rd person singular pastCeltic
u̯al-lexical'ruler, prince'Celtic
u̯allau̯n-lexical'ruler'Celtic
u̯en-lexical'family/clan member, friend'Celtic
u̯er-lexical'over'intensifyingCeltic
u̯es-lexical'worthy, excellent'Celtic
-ūi̯inflectionaldat. sg. (o-stem)Celtic
u̯iđ-lexical'known, knowledge'Celtic
u̯ik-lexical'fight'Celtic
u̯ind-lexical'bright, white, fair'Celtic
u̯īs-lexical'worthy, noble'Celtic
u̯īt-lexical'withe, willow'Celtic
-uk-derivationalhypocoristic (?)Celtic
-ul(l)-derivationaldiminutive (?)Celtic
u̯rīt-lexical'found'Celtic
-usinflectionalnom. sg. (u-stem)Celtic
-us (Lat.)inflectionalnom. sg. (o-stem)Latin
u̯olk-lexical'falcon'Celtic
-o-derivationalcomposition vowelCeltic
-oi̯inflectionalnom. pl. (o-stem)Celtic
-oi̯soinflectionalgen. sg. (o-stem)Lepontic
-ominflectionalacc. sg. (o-stem)Celtic
-on-derivationalindividualisingCeltic
-oninflectionalnom. sg. (neut. o-stem)Cisalpine Gaulish
-on (acc.sg.)inflectionalacc. sg. (o-stem)Cisalpine Gaulish
-onei̯inflectionaldat. sg. (on-stem)Celtic
-oniinflectionaldat. sg. (on-stem)Celtic
-onosinflectionalgen. sg. (on-stem)Celtic
-osinflectionalnom. sg. (o-stem)Celtic
-os (gen.sg.)inflectionalgen. sg. (cons. stem)Celtic