View source for TI·45.1

{{inscription
|reading=unknown!&#93;e&#x0323;?e&#x0323;&#91;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; )alui!&#93;alui : pala
|reading_lepontic={{c|A|A14}}{{c|L}}{{c|A|A24}}{{c|P}}{{c|separator|separator3}}{{c|I}}{{c|U}}{{c|L}}{{c|A|A14}}&#91;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#93;{{c|E}}?{{c|E}}&#91;
|direction=sinistroverse
|letter_height_min=13 cm
|letter_height_max=14 cm
|letter_number_min=15
|word_number=3
|line_number=1
|corpus=Cisalpine Celtic
|script=North Italic script
|alphabet=Lepontic alphabet
|object=TI·45 Bioggio
|position=front, centre
|orientation=270
|frame_left=head
|frame_middle=top and bottom
|frame_right=feet
|workmanship=carved
|condition=damaged
|type_inscription=funerary
|language=Celtic
|meaning='<i>pala</i> for ... son of ...'
|culture_archaeological=Golasecca III A, La Tène B, La Tène C
|sortdate=-325
|date=5<sup>th</sup>–mid-2<sup>rd</sup> c. BC
|date_derivation‎=typology
|morandi=302 A
|source_detail=Morandi 2004: 719 no. 302 A
|checklevel=0
|disambiguation=TI·45
}}
== Commentary ==
First published in {{bib|Solinas 2002}}: 486 f., no. 2 A. Examined for LexLep on 19<sup>th</sup> October 2023.

Images in {{bib|Solinas 2002}}: 486 (drawing), {{bib|Morandi 2004}}: 720, fig. 39.302 (drawing) and 811, tav. XXXIV.302 (photo).

Inscribed running from the bottom toward the top (length 147.5 cm) between frame lines with stylised head and feet (and eyes according to {{bib|Piana Agostinetti 2004}}: 170; frame width 13.5–16 cm, length of frame 167 cm). The inscription is applied in the centre of the stela's front face, indicating that it was written first, while [[TI·45.2]] in a smaller frame to the left was added secondarily. The close association of the two frames, sharing one frame line and the smaller one's head being fitted into the longer one's neck, suggests that the inscriptions are associated; cf. [[TI·36.1]]/[[TI·36.2]]. 

The letters are heavily abraded especially in the lower part; apart from final {{w||pala}} and preceding {{m||-ūi̯}}, the readings of Solinas (---]''e&#x0323;''-''ei:''-''eralui:pala'') and Morandi ([---]''e''x''e''xx [ ] ''T&#x0323;i''[---]''asui:pala'') differ considerably, even the two epsilons in the first half of the inscription being identified in different places (cf. the drawings). In autopsy, the epsilons as placed in Solinas' drawing could be confirmed as at least possible. No letters or separators were identifiable before the sequence ''alui'', though the lower part of Solinas' rho is visible – possibly lambda {{c||L}}?. The inscription does appear to contain the standard text formula of Ticino gravestones with the name of the deceased in the dative, patronym in {{m||-al-}} and {{w||pala}}. Solinas' sequence ''ei:'' would fit well as the ending of an ''on''- or ''i''-stem personal name ({{m||-onei̯}} or {{m||-ei̯}}). The space between the beginning of the frame and this putative ending is quite big with ca. 60 cm; how many letters this would have fit is difficult to judge, as the letters in the inscription are of uneven width and get smaller toward the end due to lack of space. The space between the two legible parts is enough for maybe about six to eight letters. 

Dating based on the shape of the anthropomorphic frame according to the typology of {{bib|De Marinis & Motta 1991}}: 206 (type B or C?).
<p style="text-align:right;>[[User:Corinna Salomon|Corinna Salomon]]</p>
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