leu̯k-: Difference between revisions
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== Commentary == | == Commentary == | ||
From the PIE root *''leu̯k''- 'to brighten' ({{bib|IEW}}: 687–689, {{bib|LIV²}}: 418 f.); the | From the PIE root *''leu̯k''- 'to brighten' ({{bib|IEW}}: 687–689, {{bib|LIV²}}: 418 f.); the ''o''-stem adjective in Celtic: MIr. ''luach'' 'glowing white', MW ''llug'' 'eyesight, perception' ({{bib|Matasović 2009}}: 145 f.). Frequent in Continental Celtic personal names, in simplex names and as first element in compounds ({{bib|KGP}}: 231, {{bib|GPN}}: 358 f., {{bib|DLG}}: 200, {{bib|Delamarre 2007}}: 224 et passim; see also lexical Gaulish {{bib|RIIG}} [https://riig.huma-num.fr/documents/ALL-01-01 ALL-01-01] ({{bib|RIG}} L-6) <span class="tr_lat">leucuṭịo</span>). We follow Delamarre in positing the morpheme with diphthong /eu̯/ rather than /ou̯/, because both potential Cisalpine Celtic attestations and about half the other Continental Celtic attestations show /eu̯/ instead of expected rounded /ou̯/. Schmidt ({{bib|KGP}}: 231) remarks upon the frequency of forms with /eu̯/ in the "Illyrian" realm (from Noricum ''leu''[''co'']''camulo'' ({{bib|Lochner von Hüttenbach 1989}}: 91 f.), ''leucimara''), and suggests that the absence of rounding is due to substrate influence (cf. also {{bib|Meid 2005}}: 274), but ''leu̯k''- is also quite common in the west, and ''lou̯k''- also occurs on the east (see the data in {{bib|Delamarre 2007}}). The epithet of Mars ''le''/''oucetius'' is attested in both variants. From Transpadana, cf. {{bib|CIL}} V 4902 <span class="tr_lat">leuconio</span> (dat., Val Sabbia). ''leu̯k''- is also frequent in toponyms, see {{bib|DLG}}: 200. | ||
In Cisalpine Celtic, the morpheme in both attestations appears with ''u'' rather than regular ''o'' in the stem and an ''r''-Suffix ''leu̯kur''-. | In Cisalpine Celtic, the morpheme in both attestations appears with ''u'' rather than regular ''o'' in the stem and an ''r''-Suffix ''leu̯kur''-. | ||
<p style="text-align:right;>[[User:Corinna Salomon|Corinna Salomon]]</p> | <p style="text-align:right;>[[User:Corinna Salomon|Corinna Salomon]]</p> | ||
{{bibliography}} | {{bibliography}} | ||
Latest revision as of 14:32, 22 October 2024
| Type: | lexical |
|---|---|
| Meaning: | 'bright, shining' |
| Language: | Celtic |
| Phonemic analysis: | /leu̯k/- |
| From PIE: | *leu̯k-o- 'bright, shining' |
| From Proto-Celtic: | *leu̯ko- 'bright, shining' |
| Attestation: | leucuro, leukururitu |
Commentary
From the PIE root *leu̯k- 'to brighten' (IEW: 687–689, LIV²: 418 f.); the o-stem adjective in Celtic: MIr. luach 'glowing white', MW llug 'eyesight, perception' (Matasović 2009: 145 f.). Frequent in Continental Celtic personal names, in simplex names and as first element in compounds (KGP: 231, GPN: 358 f., DLG: 200, Delamarre 2007: 224 et passim; see also lexical Gaulish RIIG ALL-01-01 (RIG L-6) leucuṭịo). We follow Delamarre in positing the morpheme with diphthong /eu̯/ rather than /ou̯/, because both potential Cisalpine Celtic attestations and about half the other Continental Celtic attestations show /eu̯/ instead of expected rounded /ou̯/. Schmidt (KGP: 231) remarks upon the frequency of forms with /eu̯/ in the "Illyrian" realm (from Noricum leu[co]camulo (Lochner von Hüttenbach 1989: 91 f.), leucimara), and suggests that the absence of rounding is due to substrate influence (cf. also Meid 2005: 274), but leu̯k- is also quite common in the west, and lou̯k- also occurs on the east (see the data in Delamarre 2007). The epithet of Mars le/oucetius is attested in both variants. From Transpadana, cf. CIL V 4902 leuconio (dat., Val Sabbia). leu̯k- is also frequent in toponyms, see DLG: 200.
In Cisalpine Celtic, the morpheme in both attestations appears with u rather than regular o in the stem and an r-Suffix leu̯kur-.
Bibliography
| CIL | Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum. (17 volumes, various supplements) |
|---|---|
| Delamarre 2007 | Xavier Delamarre, Noms de personnes celtiques dans l'épigraphie classique. Nomina Celtica Antiqua Selecta Inscriptionum, Paris: Errance 2007. |
| DLG | Xavier Delamarre, Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise. Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental, 2nd, revised edition, Paris: Errance 2003. |
