TI·45.1: Difference between revisions

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{{inscription
{{inscription
|reading=unknown!]e?e?? unknown![...] ti(...)asui!ṭị[...]asui : pala
|reading=unknown!]ẹ?ẹ[    )alui!]alui : pala
|reading_lepontic={{c|A|A14}}{{c|L}}{{c|A|A24}}{{c|P}}{{c|separator|separator3}}{{c|I}}{{c|U}}{{c|S||d}}{{c|A|A14}}[...]{{c|I}}{{c|T}}{{c|separator|separator2}}??{{c|E}}?{{c|E}}[
|reading_lepontic={{c|A|A14}}{{c|L}}{{c|A|A24}}{{c|P}}{{c|separator|separator3}}{{c|I}}{{c|U}}{{c|L}}{{c|A|A14}}[   ]{{c|E}}?{{c|E}}[
|direction=sinistroverse
|direction=sinistroverse
|letter_height_min=13 cm
|letter_height_min=13 cm
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}}
}}
== Commentary ==
== Commentary ==
First published in {{bib|Solinas 2002}}: 486 f., no. 2 A.
First published in {{bib|Solinas 2002}}: 486 f., no. 2 A. Examined for LexLep on 19<sup>th</sup> October 2023.


Images in {{bib|Solinas 2002}}: 486 (drawing), {{bib|Morandi 2004}}: 720, fig. 39.302 (drawing) and 811, tav. XXXIV.302 (photo).
Images in {{bib|Solinas 2002}}: 486 (drawing), {{bib|Morandi 2004}}: 720, fig. 39.302 (drawing) and 811, tav. XXXIV.302 (photo).


Inscribed running from the bottom toward the top between frame lines (16 cm distance; length 141 cm) with stylised head and feet (and eyes according to {{bib|Piana Agostinetti 2004}}: 170; length of frame 163 cm). The inscription is applied in the centre of the stela's front face, indicating that it was written first, while [[TI·45.2]] in a smaller frame to the left was added secondarily. The close association of the two frames, sharing one frame line and the smaller one's head being fitted into the longer one's neck, suggests that the inscriptions are associated; cf. [[TI·36.1]]/[[TI·36.2]].  
Inscribed running from the bottom toward the top (length 147.5 cm) between frame lines with stylised head and feet (and eyes according to {{bib|Piana Agostinetti 2004}}: 170; frame width 13.5–16 cm, length of frame 167 cm). The inscription is applied in the centre of the stela's front face, indicating that it was written first, while [[TI·45.2]] in a smaller frame to the left was added secondarily. The close association of the two frames, sharing one frame line and the smaller one's head being fitted into the longer one's neck, suggests that the inscriptions are associated; cf. [[TI·36.1]]/[[TI·36.2]].  


The letters are heavily abraded especially in the lower part; apart from final {{w||pala}} and preceding {{m||-ūi̯}}, the readings of Morandi (above) and Solinas differ considerably. The inscription does appear to contain the standard text formula of Ticino gravestones with the name of the deceased in the dative and {{w||pala}}; see the word pages for details.
The letters are heavily abraded especially in the lower part; apart from final {{w||pala}} and preceding {{m||-ūi̯}}, the readings of Solinas (---]''e&#x0323;''-''ei:''-''eralui:pala'') and Morandi ([---]''e''x''e''xx [ ] ''T&#x0323;i''[---]''asui:pala'') differ considerably, even the two epsilons in the first half of the inscription being identified in different places (cf. the drawings). In autopsy, the epsilons as placed in Solinas' drawing could be confirmed as at least possible. No letters or separators were identifiable before the sequence ''alui'', though the lower part of Solinas' rho is visible – possibly lambda {{c||L}}?. The inscription does appear to contain the standard text formula of Ticino gravestones with the name of the deceased in the dative, patronym in {{m||-al-}} and {{w||pala}}. Solinas' sequence ''ei:'' would fit well as the ending of an ''on''- or ''i''-stem personal name ({{m||-onei̯}} or {{m||-ei̯}}). The space between the beginning of the frame and this putative ending is quite big with ca. 60 cm; how many letters this would have fit is difficult to judge, as the letters in the inscription are of uneven width and get smaller toward the end due to lack of space. The space between the two legible parts is enough for maybe about six to eight letters.  


Dating based on the shape of the anthropomorphic frame according to the typology of {{bib|De Marinis & Motta 1991}}: 206 (type B or C?).
Dating based on the shape of the anthropomorphic frame according to the typology of {{bib|De Marinis & Motta 1991}}: 206 (type B or C?).
<p style="text-align:right;>[[User:Corinna Salomon|Corinna Salomon]]</p>
<p style="text-align:right;>[[User:Corinna Salomon|Corinna Salomon]]</p>
{{bibliography}}
{{bibliography}}

Latest revision as of 11:22, 7 August 2024

edit with form
Inscription
Reading in transliteration: ]ẹ?ẹ[   ]alui : pala
Reading in original script: A14 sL sA24 sP sseparator3 sI sU sL sA14 s[   ]E s?E s[
Object: TI·45 Bioggio (stela)
(Inscriptions: TI·45.1, TI·45.2)
Position: front, centre
Orientation: 270°
Frame: headtop and bottomtop and bottomfeet  (left: head, middle: top and bottom, right: feet)
Direction of writing: sinistroverse
Script: North Italic script (Lepontic alphabet)
Letter height: 13–14 cm5.118 in <br />5.512 in <br />
Number of letters: 15
Number of words: 3
Number of lines: 1
Workmanship: carved
Condition: damaged
Archaeological culture: Golasecca III A, La Tène B, La Tène C
Date of inscription: 5th–mid-2rd c. BC
Type: funerary
Language: Celtic
Meaning: 'pala for ... son of ...'
Alternative sigla: Morandi 2004: 302 A
Sources: Morandi 2004: 719 no. 302 A

Images

TI·45.1, TI·45.2
Inscriptions TI·45.1 and TI·45.2 from Morandi
TI·45 Bioggio
Stela TI·45 Bioggio with inscriptions TI·45.1 and TI·45.2 from Morandi
TI·45.1, TI·45.2
Inscriptions TI·45.1 and TI·45.2 from Solinas
TI·45 Bioggio
Stela TI·45 Bioggio with inscriptions TI·45.1 and TI·45.2

Commentary

First published in Solinas 2002: 486 f., no. 2 A. Examined for LexLep on 19th October 2023.

Images in Solinas 2002: 486 (drawing), Morandi 2004: 720, fig. 39.302 (drawing) and 811, tav. XXXIV.302 (photo).

Inscribed running from the bottom toward the top (length 147.5 cm) between frame lines with stylised head and feet (and eyes according to Piana Agostinetti 2004: 170; frame width 13.5–16 cm, length of frame 167 cm). The inscription is applied in the centre of the stela's front face, indicating that it was written first, while TI·45.2 in a smaller frame to the left was added secondarily. The close association of the two frames, sharing one frame line and the smaller one's head being fitted into the longer one's neck, suggests that the inscriptions are associated; cf. TI·36.1/TI·36.2.

The letters are heavily abraded especially in the lower part; apart from final pala and preceding -ūi̯, the readings of Solinas (---]ẹ-ei:-eralui:pala) and Morandi ([---]exexx [ ] Ṭi[---]asui:pala) differ considerably, even the two epsilons in the first half of the inscription being identified in different places (cf. the drawings). In autopsy, the epsilons as placed in Solinas' drawing could be confirmed as at least possible. No letters or separators were identifiable before the sequence alui, though the lower part of Solinas' rho is visible – possibly lambda L s?. The inscription does appear to contain the standard text formula of Ticino gravestones with the name of the deceased in the dative, patronym in -al- and pala. Solinas' sequence ei: would fit well as the ending of an on- or i-stem personal name (-onei̯ or -ei̯). The space between the beginning of the frame and this putative ending is quite big with ca. 60 cm; how many letters this would have fit is difficult to judge, as the letters in the inscription are of uneven width and get smaller toward the end due to lack of space. The space between the two legible parts is enough for maybe about six to eight letters.

Dating based on the shape of the anthropomorphic frame according to the typology of De Marinis & Motta 1991: 206 (type B or C?).

Corinna Salomon

Bibliography

De Marinis & Motta 1991 Raffaele C. De Marinis, Filippo Motta, "Una nuova iscrizione lepontica su pietra da Mezzovico (Lugano)", Sibrium 21 (1990–1991), 201–225.
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