mat-: Difference between revisions
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|meaning='good, fortunate, advantageous' | |meaning='good, fortunate, advantageous' | ||
|language=Celtic | |language=Celtic | ||
|analysis_phonemic=/{{p|m}}{{p|a}}{{p|t}}/- | |analysis_phonemic=/{{p|m}}{{p|a}}/{{p|ā}}{{p|t}}/- | ||
|from_pie=*''m̥h₂-ti''-/*''m̥h₂-tu''- or ''méh₂-tu''- 'right time, timely' | |from_pie=*''m̥h₂-ti''-/*''m̥h₂-tu''- or ''méh₂-tu''- 'right time, timely' | ||
|checklevel=0 | |checklevel=0 | ||
}} | }} | ||
== Commentary == | == Commentary == | ||
Lexically as an ''i''-stem in OIr. ''maith'', MW ''mad'', Corn. ''mas'', MBret. ''mad'' 'good, profitable'; beside this exists a ''u''-stem *''matu''- 'bear' (OIr. ''math''). In the numerous names which contain an element ''mat''- (see {{bib| | Lexically as an ''i''-stem in OIr. ''maith'', MW ''mad'', Corn. ''mas'', MBret. ''mad'' 'good, profitable'; beside this exists a ''u''-stem *''matu''- 'bear' (OIr. ''math''). In the numerous names which contain an element ''mat''- (see {{bib|AcS}} II: 457–463, 474–483, {{bib|KGP}}: 239 f., {{bib|GPN}}: 230–232, {{bib|DLG}}: 221, {{bib|Delamarre 2007}}: 128 f.), Schmidt ({{bib|KGP}}: 239) categorically distinguished instances of ''mati''- 'good' from instances of ''matu''- 'bear', ''mato''-, thematised or with substituted composition vowel in dithematic names, being ambiguous. The Gaul. ''u''-stem ''matu'' (/''mat''/''m'') in the Coligny calendar, however, designates favourable months in opposition to unfavourable (''anm''[''atu'']) ones, showing that Gaulish had an ''u''-stem ''matu''-/''mātu''- 'good', which may be present in any number of names (e.g. in pairs like ''comatumarus''/''comatimara''), cf. {{bib|GPN}}: 229, {{bib|Meid 2005}}: 104 f., 110, 129 f. Cf. also MW ''madws'' 'right time' < *''matu-sto-'' and Celtib. ''matus'' (Botorrita I A.6), if an acc.pl. of a ''u''-stem 'right day' (see {{bib|Irslinger 2002}}: 207 f.) . Vendryes ({{bib|LEIA}}: M-12 f., M-24) suggests that ''matu''- 'bear' is in fact a taboo designation derived from ''matu''- 'good' (doubtful Delamarre {{bib|DLG}}: 221). See also {{bib|Matasović 2009}}: 259 f. | ||
The words are connected with Lat. ''mātūrus'' 'ripe', ''mānus'' 'good' etc. and traced back to PIE *''meh₂''- 'be timely' ({{bib|IEW}}: 693 (''mā'' 2), {{bib|Eichner 1973}}: 63–67, {{bib|Zair 2012}}: 62 f.). | The words are connected with Lat. ''mātūrus'' 'ripe', ''mānus'' 'good' etc. and traced back to PIE *''meh₂''- 'be timely' ({{bib|IEW}}: 693 (''mā'' 2), {{bib|Eichner 1973}}: 63–67, {{bib|Zair 2012}}: 62 f.). | ||
<p style="text-align:right;>[[User:Corinna Salomon|Corinna Salomon]]</p> | <p style="text-align:right;>[[User:Corinna Salomon|Corinna Salomon]]</p> | ||
{{bibliography}} | {{bibliography}} | ||
Revision as of 12:08, 21 October 2024
| Type: | lexical |
|---|---|
| Meaning: | 'good, fortunate, advantageous' |
| Language: | Celtic |
| Phonemic analysis: | /ma/āt/- |
| From PIE: | *m̥h₂-ti-/*m̥h₂-tu- or méh₂-tu- 'right time, timely' |
| Attestation: | matikios, mationa(, matopokios |
Commentary
Lexically as an i-stem in OIr. maith, MW mad, Corn. mas, MBret. mad 'good, profitable'; beside this exists a u-stem *matu- 'bear' (OIr. math). In the numerous names which contain an element mat- (see AcS II: 457–463, 474–483, KGP: 239 f., GPN: 230–232, DLG: 221, Delamarre 2007: 128 f.), Schmidt (KGP: 239) categorically distinguished instances of mati- 'good' from instances of matu- 'bear', mato-, thematised or with substituted composition vowel in dithematic names, being ambiguous. The Gaul. u-stem matu (/mat/m) in the Coligny calendar, however, designates favourable months in opposition to unfavourable (anm[atu]) ones, showing that Gaulish had an u-stem matu-/mātu- 'good', which may be present in any number of names (e.g. in pairs like comatumarus/comatimara), cf. GPN: 229, Meid 2005: 104 f., 110, 129 f. Cf. also MW madws 'right time' < *matu-sto- and Celtib. matus (Botorrita I A.6), if an acc.pl. of a u-stem 'right day' (see Irslinger 2002: 207 f.) . Vendryes (LEIA: M-12 f., M-24) suggests that matu- 'bear' is in fact a taboo designation derived from matu- 'good' (doubtful Delamarre DLG: 221). See also Matasović 2009: 259 f.
The words are connected with Lat. mātūrus 'ripe', mānus 'good' etc. and traced back to PIE *meh₂- 'be timely' (IEW: 693 (mā 2), Eichner 1973: 63–67, Zair 2012: 62 f.).
Bibliography
| AcS | Alfred Holder, Alt-celtischer Sprachschatz, Leipzig: Teubner 1896–1907. |
|---|---|
| Delamarre 2007 | Xavier Delamarre, Noms de personnes celtiques dans l'épigraphie classique. Nomina Celtica Antiqua Selecta Inscriptionum, Paris: Errance 2007. |
| DLG | Xavier Delamarre, Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise. Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental, 2nd, revised edition, Paris: Errance 2003. |
| Eichner 1973 | Heiner Eichner, "Die Etymologie von heth. mehur", Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft 31 (1973), 53–107. |
