lāt-: Difference between revisions
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== Commentary == | == Commentary == | ||
An onomastic element ''lat''- appears in Gaulish with various stem variants: the ''i''-stem as second element of compounds like {{bib|RIIG}} [https://riig.huma-num.fr/documents/BDR-06-01 BDR-06-01] ({{bib|RIG}} G-13) {{tr|gr|εσκεγγολατι}}, the ''o''-stem in the Noric epithet of Mars ''latobius'' and the probably related Pannonian ethnonym ''latobici''/''latovici'' (Pliny etc.) as well as ''latobrigi''/''latobrogi'' (Caesar), and an apparent ''u''-stem in Cisalpine Celtic {{w||latumarui}}, all beside presumable hypocoristics like ''laticcus'', ''latto'' (potter's name), {{bib|CIL}} XIII 2802 {{tr|lat|latussio}} (see {{bib|AcS}} II: 150–156, {{bib|Delamarre 2007}}: 115). The ''i''-stem is usually connected with OIr. ''láith'' 'warrior, hero' ({{bib|KGP}}: 229, {{bib|DLG}}: 197 f.); this form is attested beside a more common ''o''-stem ''láth'', which also means 'rut (of animals)'. The words have been further connected to Welsh forms like ''llid'' 'rage' and Ukr. <i>l'it'</i> 'rut', but the PIE etymology is unclear (see {{bib|Irslinger 2002}}: 297 f., {{bib|Zair 2012}}: 80). {{bib|Meid 2005}}: 53 f. argues for a semantic development in Irish from PC *''lāto''- 'heroic fury, heat', interpreting ''latobius'' as 'who strikes in fury'. Schmidt {{bib|KGP}}: 229 alternatively suggests to keep ''lato''- separate and connect it with PIE *''pelh₂''- 'flat' with a ''t''-suffix → 'plain'; generally doubtful of the whole approach Evans {{bib|GPN}}: 216. How and if the forms in ''latu''- belong here is uncertain; see further on {{w||latumarui|latumaros}}. | An onomastic element ''lat''- appears in Gaulish with various stem variants: the ''i''-stem as second element of compounds like {{bib|RIIG}} [https://riig.huma-num.fr/documents/BDR-06-01 BDR-06-01] ({{bib|RIG}} G-13) {{tr|gr|εσκεγγολατι}}, the ''o''-stem in the Noric epithet of Mars ''latobius'' and the probably related Pannonian ethnonym ''latobici''/''latovici'' (Pliny etc.) as well as ''latobrigi''/''latobrogi'' (Caesar), and an apparent ''u''-stem in Cisalpine Celtic {{w||latumarui}}, all beside presumable hypocoristics like ''laticcus'', ''latto'' (potter's name), {{bib|CIL}} XIII 2802 {{tr|lat|latussio}} (see {{bib|AcS}} II: 150–156, {{bib|Delamarre 2007}}: 115). The ''i''-stem is usually connected with OIr. ''láith'' 'warrior, hero' ({{bib|KGP}}: 229, {{bib|DLG}}: 197 f.); this form is attested beside a more common ''o''-stem ''láth'', which also means 'rut (of animals)'. The words have been further connected to Welsh forms like ''llawd'' 'rut', MW ''llid'' 'rage' (but see {{m||lūt-}}), and Ukr. <i>l'it'</i> 'rut', but the PIE etymology is unclear (see {{bib|Irslinger 2002}}: 297 f., {{bib|Zair 2012}}: 80). {{bib|Meid 2005}}: 53 f. argues for a semantic development in Irish from PC *''lāto''- 'heroic fury, heat', interpreting ''latobius'' as 'who strikes in fury'. Schmidt {{bib|KGP}}: 229 alternatively suggests to keep ''lato''- separate and connect it with PIE *''pelh₂''- 'flat' with a ''t''-suffix → 'plain'; generally doubtful of the whole approach Evans {{bib|GPN}}: 216. How and if the forms in ''latu''- belong here is uncertain; see further on {{w||latumarui|latumaros}}. See also {{m||lūt-}}. | ||
<p style="text-align:right;>[[User:Corinna Salomon|Corinna Salomon]]</p> | <p style="text-align:right;>[[User:Corinna Salomon|Corinna Salomon]]</p> | ||
{{bibliography}} | {{bibliography}} | ||
Revision as of 15:52, 13 September 2024
| Type: | lexical |
|---|---|
| Meaning: | 'fury, heat' (?) |
| Language: | Celtic |
| Phonemic analysis: | /lāt/- (?) |
| Attestation: | latumarui |
Commentary
An onomastic element lat- appears in Gaulish with various stem variants: the i-stem as second element of compounds like RIIG BDR-06-01 (RIG G-13) εσκεγγολατι, the o-stem in the Noric epithet of Mars latobius and the probably related Pannonian ethnonym latobici/latovici (Pliny etc.) as well as latobrigi/latobrogi (Caesar), and an apparent u-stem in Cisalpine Celtic latumarui, all beside presumable hypocoristics like laticcus, latto (potter's name), CIL XIII 2802 latussio (see AcS II: 150–156, Delamarre 2007: 115). The i-stem is usually connected with OIr. láith 'warrior, hero' (KGP: 229, DLG: 197 f.); this form is attested beside a more common o-stem láth, which also means 'rut (of animals)'. The words have been further connected to Welsh forms like llawd 'rut', MW llid 'rage' (but see lūt-), and Ukr. l'it' 'rut', but the PIE etymology is unclear (see Irslinger 2002: 297 f., Zair 2012: 80). Meid 2005: 53 f. argues for a semantic development in Irish from PC *lāto- 'heroic fury, heat', interpreting latobius as 'who strikes in fury'. Schmidt KGP: 229 alternatively suggests to keep lato- separate and connect it with PIE *pelh₂- 'flat' with a t-suffix → 'plain'; generally doubtful of the whole approach Evans GPN: 216. How and if the forms in latu- belong here is uncertain; see further on latumaros. See also lūt-.
Bibliography
| AcS | Alfred Holder, Alt-celtischer Sprachschatz, Leipzig: Teubner 1896–1907. |
|---|---|
| CIL | Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum. (17 volumes, various supplements) |
| Delamarre 2007 | Xavier Delamarre, Noms de personnes celtiques dans l'épigraphie classique. Nomina Celtica Antiqua Selecta Inscriptionum, Paris: Errance 2007. |
| DLG | Xavier Delamarre, Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise. Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental, 2nd, revised edition, Paris: Errance 2003. |
