TI·37: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
|||
| (5 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
|workmanship=carved | |workmanship=carved | ||
|condition=fragmentary | |condition=fragmentary | ||
|culture_archaeological=La Tène B, La Tène C | |||
|sortdate=-325 | |||
|date=4<sup>th</sup>–mid-2<sup>nd</sup> c. BC | |||
|date_derivation=typology | |||
|type_inscription=prob. funerary | |type_inscription=prob. funerary | ||
|language=Celtic | |language=Celtic | ||
|meaning='for Sunalis daughter of Mako° | |meaning='for Sunalis daughter of Mako°' (?) | ||
|whatmough=270 | |whatmough=270 | ||
|solinas=28 | |solinas=28 | ||
|morandi=35 | |morandi=35 | ||
|source_detail=Morandi 2004: 540 f. no. 35 | |source_detail=Morandi 2004: 540 f. no. 35 | ||
|checklevel= | |checklevel=1 | ||
|problem=Zeichnung von Fabretti | |||
}} | }} | ||
== Commentary == | == Commentary == | ||
First published in {{bib|CII}}: ''Addenda et Corrigenda'', c.2033. | First published in {{bib|CII}}: ''Addenda et Corrigenda'', c.2033. Currently untraceable. | ||
Images in {{bib|CII}}: tav. LVIII, 2 quater 2 (drawing based on a squeeze by Balestra = {{bib|Oberziner 1883}}: 174 = {{bib|Pauli 1885}}: Taf. I.12), {{bib|Giussani 1902}}: 40, fig. 9 (drawing = {{bib|Morandi 2004}}: 543, fig. 10.35). | Images in {{bib|CII}}: tav. LVIII, 2 quater 2 (drawing based on a squeeze by Balestra = {{bib|Oberziner 1883}}: 174 = {{bib|Pauli 1885}}: Taf. I.12), {{bib|Giussani 1902}}: 40, fig. 9 (drawing = {{bib|Motta & Ricci 1908}}: 44, fig. 19 = {{bib|Crivelli 1943}}: 34, fig. 54 = {{bib|Morandi 2004}}: 543, fig. 10.35), {{bib|Tibiletti Bruno 1990b}}: 80 (drawing). | ||
The remains of the beginning of one line written between frame lines which end in anthropomorphic feet. Since Rhŷs ({{bib|Rhŷs 1913|1913}}: 12–14, no. 2) failed to find it in the collapsing oratory in 1912, the inscription is only known from Fabretti's (CII) and Giussani's ({{bib|Giussani 1902|1902}}: 39 f., no. 8) drawings and descriptions, which are dubious in many points. The first two letters, underdefined in Fabretti's drawing, appear in Giussani's as sigma and upsilon in shapes which are quite untypical in the Lepontic alphabet. As observed by {{bib|Morandi 2004}}, the little circle at the bottom of sigma is most likely a spot of surface damage; the remaining line, which appears slightly curved in both drawings, may well reflect a more traditional sigma. Still, the reading of the first two letters must be considered highly doubtful, also | The remains of the beginning of one line written between frame lines which end in anthropomorphic feet. Since Rhŷs ({{bib|Rhŷs 1913|1913}}: 12–14, no. 2) failed to find it in the collapsing oratory in 1912, the inscription is only known from Fabretti's (CII) and Giussani's ({{bib|Giussani 1902|1902}}: 39 f., no. 8) drawings and descriptions, which are dubious in many points. The drawing provided by Tibiletti Bruno differs in detail from both Fabretti's and Giussani's; it is not clear to me whether it is based on personal examination or represents an interpretative copy of the older images. The first two letters, underdefined in Fabretti's drawing, appear in Giussani's as sigma and upsilon in shapes which are quite untypical in the Lepontic alphabet (but cf. for upsilon [[TI·35]], [[TI·43]]). As observed by {{bib|Morandi 2004}}, the little circle at the bottom of sigma is most likely a spot of surface damage; the remaining line, which appears slightly curved in both drawings, may well reflect a more traditional sigma. Still, the reading of the first two letters must be considered highly doubtful, also with regard to the fact that {{w||sunalei}} does not find good comparanda. The bars of alpha are suspiciously short in both drawings and were probably closer to those of the second alpha. Lambda was not legible anymore when Giussani saw the inscription. The identification of the remaining letters seems fairly reliable, including final omicron as per {{bib|Pauli 1885}}: 7, no. 12. | ||
{{w||sunalei}} could theoretically contain the patronymic suffix {{m||-al}}, but this would place the patronym irregularly before the individual name (e.g. emended ''makoni'' uel sim.); we would also expect an ''o''-stem dat. ''sunalui'' | {{w||sunalei}} could theoretically contain the patronymic suffix {{m||-al-}}, but this would place the patronym irregularly before the individual name (e.g. emended ''makoni'' uel sim.); we would also expect an ''o''-stem dat. ''sunalui'' or ''sunalai'' rather than the ''i''-stem in evidence. This was indeed suspected by {{bib|Lejeune 1971}}: 52, n. 131, who suggested that epsilon may be a misreading of alpha (cf. {{bib|Delamarre 2007}}: '''?'''). He assumed that in this case ''sunalai'' would be an old patronym which became an individual name; cf. {{w||komoneos}}. There is, however, no indication that epsilon was at all uncertain to either Fabretti or Giussani. Considering that {{m||-ei̯}} is per se an unproblematic ''i''-stem ending and {{m||-al- 2|-al-}} exists as a name formant, {{w||sunalei}} can simply be the individual name and {{w||mako(}} the beginning of the patronym, e.g. ''maconalui''*/''maconalai''* uel sim. (cf. {{bib|Tibiletti Bruno 1978}}: 139); see the word pages for details. | ||
See also {{bib|Corssen 1874–1875}} I: 947, {{bib|Oberziner 1883}}: 174, {{bib| | Dating according to {{bib|De Marinis & Motta 1991}}: 206, who tentatively classify the document as their type C (with stylised feet, one of which is in evidence in Giussani's drawing). | ||
See also {{bib|Corssen 1874–1875}} I: 947, {{bib|Oberziner 1883}}: 174, {{bib|Motta & Ricci 1908}}: 43 f., {{bib|Jacobsohn 1927}}: 31, no. 199. | |||
<p style="text-align:right;>[[User:Corinna Salomon|Corinna Salomon]]</p> | <p style="text-align:right;>[[User:Corinna Salomon|Corinna Salomon]]</p> | ||
{{bibliography}} | {{bibliography}} | ||
Latest revision as of 17:30, 7 August 2024
| Inscription | |
|---|---|
| Reading in transliteration: | ṣụnaḷei : makọ[ |
| Reading in original script: | ]          
|
|
| |
| Object: | TI·37 Viganello (stela) |
| Position: | front |
| Orientation: | 270° |
| Frame: | ?  (left: unknown, middle: top and bottom, right: feet)
|
| Direction of writing: | sinistroverse |
| Script: | North Italic script (Lepontic alphabet) |
| Letter height: | 15 cm5.906 in <br /> |
| Number of letters: | 11 |
| Number of words: | 2 |
| Number of lines: | 1 |
| Workmanship: | carved |
| Condition: | fragmentary |
|
| |
| Archaeological culture: | La Tène B, La Tène C |
| Date of inscription: | 4th–mid-2nd c. BC |
|
| |
| Type: | prob. funerary |
| Language: | Celtic |
| Meaning: | 'for Sunalis daughter of Mako°' (?) |
|
| |
| Alternative sigla: | Whatmough 1933 (PID): 270 Solinas 1995: 28 Morandi 2004: 35 |
|
| |
| Sources: | Morandi 2004: 540 f. no. 35 |
Images
 Inscription TI·37 from Giussani
|
 Inscription TI·37 from Oberziner
|
Commentary
First published in CII: Addenda et Corrigenda, c.2033. Currently untraceable.
Images in CII: tav. LVIII, 2 quater 2 (drawing based on a squeeze by Balestra = Oberziner 1883: 174 = Pauli 1885: Taf. I.12), Giussani 1902: 40, fig. 9 (drawing = Motta & Ricci 1908: 44, fig. 19 = Crivelli 1943: 34, fig. 54 = Morandi 2004: 543, fig. 10.35), Tibiletti Bruno 1990b: 80 (drawing).
The remains of the beginning of one line written between frame lines which end in anthropomorphic feet. Since Rhŷs (1913: 12–14, no. 2) failed to find it in the collapsing oratory in 1912, the inscription is only known from Fabretti's (CII) and Giussani's (1902: 39 f., no. 8) drawings and descriptions, which are dubious in many points. The drawing provided by Tibiletti Bruno differs in detail from both Fabretti's and Giussani's; it is not clear to me whether it is based on personal examination or represents an interpretative copy of the older images. The first two letters, underdefined in Fabretti's drawing, appear in Giussani's as sigma and upsilon in shapes which are quite untypical in the Lepontic alphabet (but cf. for upsilon TI·35, TI·43). As observed by Morandi 2004, the little circle at the bottom of sigma is most likely a spot of surface damage; the remaining line, which appears slightly curved in both drawings, may well reflect a more traditional sigma. Still, the reading of the first two letters must be considered highly doubtful, also with regard to the fact that sunalei does not find good comparanda. The bars of alpha are suspiciously short in both drawings and were probably closer to those of the second alpha. Lambda was not legible anymore when Giussani saw the inscription. The identification of the remaining letters seems fairly reliable, including final omicron as per Pauli 1885: 7, no. 12.
sunalei could theoretically contain the patronymic suffix -al-, but this would place the patronym irregularly before the individual name (e.g. emended makoni uel sim.); we would also expect an o-stem dat. sunalui or sunalai rather than the i-stem in evidence. This was indeed suspected by Lejeune 1971: 52, n. 131, who suggested that epsilon may be a misreading of alpha (cf. Delamarre 2007: ?). He assumed that in this case sunalai would be an old patronym which became an individual name; cf. komoneos. There is, however, no indication that epsilon was at all uncertain to either Fabretti or Giussani. Considering that -ei̯ is per se an unproblematic i-stem ending and -al- exists as a name formant, sunalei can simply be the individual name and mako( the beginning of the patronym, e.g. maconalui*/maconalai* uel sim. (cf. Tibiletti Bruno 1978: 139); see the word pages for details.
Dating according to De Marinis & Motta 1991: 206, who tentatively classify the document as their type C (with stylised feet, one of which is in evidence in Giussani's drawing).
See also Corssen 1874–1875 I: 947, Oberziner 1883: 174, Motta & Ricci 1908: 43 f., Jacobsohn 1927: 31, no. 199.
Bibliography
| CII | Ariodante Fabretti, Corpus inscriptionum italicarum antiquioris aevi. Ordine geographico digestum et glossarium italicum, in quo omnia vocabula continentur ex umbricis, sabinis, oscis, volscis, etruscis aliisque monumentis quae supersunt, Augusta Taurinorum: 1867. |
|---|---|
| Corssen 1874–1875 | Paul Wilhelm Corssen, Über die Sprache der Etrusker, Leipzig: Teubner 1874–1875. (2 volumes) |
| Crivelli 1943 | Aldo Crivelli, Atlante preistorico e storico della Svizzera Italiana. Vol. 1: Dalle origini alla civiltà romana, Bellinzona: Istituto Editoriale Ticinese 1943. |
| Delamarre 2007 | Xavier Delamarre, Noms de personnes celtiques dans l'épigraphie classique. Nomina Celtica Antiqua Selecta Inscriptionum, Paris: Errance 2007. |
| De Marinis & Motta 1991 | Raffaele C. De Marinis, Filippo Motta, "Una nuova iscrizione lepontica su pietra da Mezzovico (Lugano)", Sibrium 21 (1990–1991), 201–225. |
