naśom

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Attestation:	VB·3.1 (latumarui:sapsutai:pe:uinom:natom) (1)
Status:	unlikely
Language:	perhaps Greek
adapted to:	Celtic
Word Type:	adjective
Grammatical Categories:	nom., acc. masc., neut.
Stem Class:	o
Morphemic Analysis:	naχs-i̯-om or naχs-i̯-om (?)
Phonemic Analysis:	/na?om/
Meaning:	'Naxian' (?)

Commentary

See the inscription page on the unlikely reading.

The analysis of naśom as Celtic adjective 'Naxian', formed from the Greek toponym naxos, determining uinom 'wine' (see there on the question of neuter [nom./acc.] vs. masculine [acc.]) goes back to Lattes 1896: 103 f., who compared saśadis at Voltino for san = /χs/. As noted by Kretschmer 1905: 100, naχsom lacks the suffix -(i)i̯-; Lejeune 1971: 75 compared aśouni and assumed that san could represent a palatalised sound < /ssi̯/, in this case < /χsi̯/ (but see Ś). This, however, requires the suffix form to be unsyllabic /i̯/ naksi̯om rather than /ii̯/ as expected in the short word form.

Birkhan 2005: 225–227 alternatively proposes an etymology with san for tau gallicum *nHd-tom or *nHd-som 'bound, wound' (from the root *neHd- 'to bind, tie' as in OIr. nascaid, MBret. nasca 'id.', see KP: 489), which is formally unassailable (cf. Stifter 2011b: 175 f., n. 22), but see further on the inscription page.

Corinna Salomon

Bibliography

Birkhan 2005	Helmut Birkhan, "UINOM NAŚOM", in: Franziska Beutler, Wolfgang Hameter (Eds.), "Eine ganz normale Inschrift" ... Vnd ähnLiches zVm GebVrtstag von Ekkehard Weber. Festschrift zum 30. April 2005 [= Althistorisch-Epigraphische Studien 5], Wien: Eigenverlag der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Archäologie 2005, 223-228.