latumarui: Difference between revisions
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{{word | {{word | ||
|type_word=proper noun | |type_word=proper noun | ||
|stem_class=o | |stem_class=o | ||
|number=sg. | |number=sg. | ||
|case=dat. | |case=dat. | ||
|language= | |language=Celtic | ||
|analysis_morphemic={{m| | |analysis_morphemic={{m|lāt-|lāt}}{{m|-u-|-u}}{{m|mār-|-mār}}{{m|-ūi̯}} (?) | ||
|analysis_phonemic={{p|l}}{{p|a}}{{p|t}}{{p|u}}{{p|m}}{{p| | |analysis_phonemic=/{{p|l}}{{p|ā}}/{{p|a}}{{p|t}}{{p|u}}{{p|m}}{{p|ā}}{{p|r}}{{p|ūi̯}}/ (?) | ||
|meaning='to/for Latumaros' | |||
|meaning=to Latumaros | |||
|field_semantic=personal name | |field_semantic=personal name | ||
|checklevel= | |checklevel=0 | ||
}} | }} | ||
==Commentary== | ==Commentary== | ||
''latu- | Compound personal name in the dative, formed with the common second element {{m||mār-|māro-}} 'great'. The etymology and thus semantics of the first element ''latu''- are not quite clear. If it is a variant of the ''o''-stem discussed on the morpheme page {{m||lāt-}} ({{bib|Lejeune 1971}}: 58 f. with n. 165) meaning 'fury, heat', ''latumaros'' 'great in heroic fury' presents as a typical Gaulish PN. It is notable, however, that ''lato''- is – unlike ''lati''- – not common in personal names, which may indicate that ''latu''- (also in names like {{bib|CIL}} XIII 2802 {{tr|lat|latussio}}, ''latuna'', ''laturus'', see {{bib|AcS}} II: 156, {{bib|Delamarre 2007}}: 115) should be kept separate ({{bib|Lejeune 1971}}: 59). {{bib|Rhŷs 1913}}: 64 f. suggests a connection with W ''llad'' 'beer; gift' (→ 'great in drink = hospitality'), which is however reconstructed as an ''i''-stem by {{bib|Irslinger 2002}}: 206 f. (also {{bib|Matasović 2009}}: 233). {{bib|Eska 1998c}}: 74 reconstructs ''latu''- < *''pl̥h₂-tu''-, presumably following Schmidt's interpretation of ''lato''- as 'plain', which in the present case is dubious semantically. | ||
A potential full comparandum is noted by {{bib|Lejeune 1987}}: 498: line 1 of a stamp on an amphora from Ensérune, written in Celtiberian script and dated to the late 3<sup>rd</sup>–1<sup>st</sup> c. BC, was read '''laTuBaŕe''' by Untermann {{bib|MLH}} II, 301, no. B1.364 ([http://hesperia.ucm.es/consulta_hesperia/Texto.php?file=file_98.php&filtrar=&valor=&id=1773 Hesperia HER.02.364]; cf. also {{bib|Stifter 2013b}}: 101). The stamp is, however, in very bad condition, rendering the attestation somewhat uncertain. | |||
{{bib|Morandi 2004}}: 551 compares {{bib|CIL}} III 4724 {{tr|lat|lutumarus}}, which is formed with a different first element, viz. the ''u''-stem {{m||lūt-|lūtu-}} 'vigour', but see the morpheme pages on the semantics – if ''lāto''- and ''lūtu''- were similar in meaning in Gaulish, a contaminated variant ''lātu''- is not out of the question. Cf. also {{bib|RIIG}} [https://riig.huma-num.fr/documents/BDR-12-07 BDR-12-07] ({{bib|RIG}} G-69) {{tr|gr|λιτουμαρεος}} (patr.) with first element ''litu''- 'celebration, festival' ({{bib|DLG}}: 205, {{bib|Irslinger 2002}}: 113 f.), which is mentioned as a comparandum for ''latumaros'' by {{bib|Lattes 1896}}: 105. | |||
<p style="text-align:right;>[[User:Corinna Salomon|Corinna Salomon]]</p> | |||
{{bibliography}} | {{bibliography}} | ||
Latest revision as of 19:56, 5 November 2024
| Attestation: | VB·3.1 (latumarui:sapsutai:pe:uinom:natom) (1) |
|---|---|
| Language: | Celtic |
| Word Type: | proper noun |
| Semantic Field: | personal name |
|
| |
| Grammatical Categories: | dat. sg. |
| Stem Class: | o |
|
| |
| Morphemic Analysis: | lāt-u-mār-ūi̯ (?) |
| Phonemic Analysis: | /lā/atumārūi̯/ (?) |
| Meaning: | 'to/for Latumaros' |
Commentary
Compound personal name in the dative, formed with the common second element māro- 'great'. The etymology and thus semantics of the first element latu- are not quite clear. If it is a variant of the o-stem discussed on the morpheme page lāt- (Lejeune 1971: 58 f. with n. 165) meaning 'fury, heat', latumaros 'great in heroic fury' presents as a typical Gaulish PN. It is notable, however, that lato- is – unlike lati- – not common in personal names, which may indicate that latu- (also in names like CIL XIII 2802 latussio, latuna, laturus, see AcS II: 156, Delamarre 2007: 115) should be kept separate (Lejeune 1971: 59). Rhŷs 1913: 64 f. suggests a connection with W llad 'beer; gift' (→ 'great in drink = hospitality'), which is however reconstructed as an i-stem by Irslinger 2002: 206 f. (also Matasović 2009: 233). Eska 1998c: 74 reconstructs latu- < *pl̥h₂-tu-, presumably following Schmidt's interpretation of lato- as 'plain', which in the present case is dubious semantically.
A potential full comparandum is noted by Lejeune 1987: 498: line 1 of a stamp on an amphora from Ensérune, written in Celtiberian script and dated to the late 3rd–1st c. BC, was read laTuBaŕe by Untermann MLH II, 301, no. B1.364 (Hesperia HER.02.364; cf. also Stifter 2013b: 101). The stamp is, however, in very bad condition, rendering the attestation somewhat uncertain.
Morandi 2004: 551 compares CIL III 4724 lutumarus, which is formed with a different first element, viz. the u-stem lūtu- 'vigour', but see the morpheme pages on the semantics – if lāto- and lūtu- were similar in meaning in Gaulish, a contaminated variant lātu- is not out of the question. Cf. also RIIG BDR-12-07 (RIG G-69) λιτουμαρεος (patr.) with first element litu- 'celebration, festival' (DLG: 205, Irslinger 2002: 113 f.), which is mentioned as a comparandum for latumaros by Lattes 1896: 105.
Bibliography
| AcS | Alfred Holder, Alt-celtischer Sprachschatz, Leipzig: Teubner 1896–1907. |
|---|---|
| CIL | Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum. (17 volumes, various supplements) |
| Delamarre 2007 | Xavier Delamarre, Noms de personnes celtiques dans l'épigraphie classique. Nomina Celtica Antiqua Selecta Inscriptionum, Paris: Errance 2007. |
| DLG | Xavier Delamarre, Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise. Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental, 2nd, revised edition, Paris: Errance 2003. |
| Eska 1998c | Josef Francis Eska, "PIE *p (doesn't become) Ø in proto Celtic", Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft 58 (1998), 63-80. |
