latumarui

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Attestation:	VB·3.1 (latumarui:sapsutai:pe:uinom:natom) (1)
Language:	Latin
Word Type:	proper noun
Semantic Field:	personal name
Grammatical Categories:	dat. sg.
Stem Class:	o
Morphemic Analysis:	lāt-u-mār-ūi̯ (?)
Phonemic Analysis:	/lā/atumārūi̯/ (?)
Meaning:	'to/for Latumaros'

Commentary

Compound personal name in the dative, formed with the common second element māro- 'great'. The etymology and thus semantics of the first element latu- are not quite clear. If it is a variant of the o-stem discussed on the morpheme page lāt- (Lejeune 1971: 58 f. with n. 165) meaning 'fury, heat', latumaros 'great in heroic fury' presents as a typical Gaulish PN. It is notable, however, that lato- is – unlike lati- – not common in personal names, which may indicate that latu- (also in names like CIL XIII 2802 latussio, latuna, laturus, see AcS II: 156, Delamarre 2007: 115) should be kept separate (Lejeune 1971: 59). Rhŷs 1913: 64 f. suggests a connection with W llad 'beer; gift' (→ 'great in drink = hospitality'), which is however reconstructed as an i-stem by Irslinger 2002: 206 f. (also Matasović 2009: 233). Eska 1998c: 74 reconstructs latu- < *pl̥h₂-tu-, presumably following Schmidt's interpretation of lato- as 'plain', which in the present case is dubious semantically.

A potential full comparandum is noted by Lejeune 1987: 498: line 1 of a stamp on an amphora from Ensérune, written in Celtiberian script and dated to the late 3^rd–1^st c. BC, was read laTuBaŕe by Untermann MLH II, 301, no. B1.364 (Hesperia HER.02.364; cf. also Stifter 2013b: 101). The stamp is, however, in very bad condition, rendering the attestation somewhat uncertain.

Morandi 2004: 551 compares CIL III 4724 lutumarus, which is formed with a different first element, viz. the u-stem lūtu- 'vigour', but see the morpheme pages on the semantics – if lāto- and lūtu- were similar in meaning in Gaulish, a contaminated variant lātu- is not out of the question. Cf. also RIIG BDR-12-07 (RIG G-69) λιτουμαρεος (patr.) with first element litu- 'celebration, festival' (DLG: 205, Irslinger 2002: 113 f.), which is mentioned as a comparandum for latumaros by Lattes 1896: 105.

Corinna Salomon

Bibliography

AcS	Alfred Holder, Alt-celtischer Sprachschatz, Leipzig: Teubner 1896–1907.
CIL	Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum. (17 volumes, various supplements)
Delamarre 2007	Xavier Delamarre, Noms de personnes celtiques dans l'épigraphie classique. Nomina Celtica Antiqua Selecta Inscriptionum, Paris: Errance 2007.
DLG	Xavier Delamarre, Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise. Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental, 2nd, revised edition, Paris: Errance 2003.
Eska 1998c	Josef Francis Eska, "PIE *p (doesn't become) Ø in proto Celtic", Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft 58 (1998), 63-80.