pompeteχuaios: Difference between revisions
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|analysis_morphemic={{m|pompe-}}{{m|tengu̯-}}{{m|-ā-|ā-}}{{m|-i̯-|i̯-}}{{m|-os|os}} | |analysis_morphemic={{m|pompe-}}{{m|tengu̯-}}{{m|-ā-|ā-}}{{m|-(i)i̯-|(i)i̯-}}{{m|-os|os}} | ||
|analysis_phonemic=/{{p|p}}{{p|o}}{{p|m}}{{p|p}}{{p|e}}{{p|t}}{{p|e}}{{p|n}}{{p|g}}{{p|u̯}}{{p| | |analysis_phonemic=/{{p|p}}{{p|o}}{{p|m}}{{p|p}}{{p|e}}{{p|t}}{{p|e}}{{p|n}}{{p|g}}{{p|u̯}}{{p|ā}}({{p|i}}){{p|i̯}}{{p|o}}{{p|s}}/ | ||
|meaning='of the five tongues' | |meaning='of the five tongues' | ||
|checklevel=0 | |checklevel=0 | ||
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Analysed as a compound of {{m||pompe-}} 'five' and {{m||tengu̯-|tengu̯ā}} 'tongue' by {{bib|Prosdocimi 1984c}}: 431–437 (also {{bib|Prosdocimi 1986e|1986e}}: 86 f., {{bib|Prosdocimi 1987|1987}}: 577 f., {{bib|Prosdocimi 1988|1988}}: 305, {{bib|Prosdocimi & Marinetti 1991}}: 423). (See [[North Italic Script]] on the non-spelling of /n/ before /g/.) While the first element is fairly unproblematic despite /o/ in the root (see the morpheme page), the second one raises difficulties discussed by {{bib|Eska & Wallace 1999}}: 129–131. Firstly, PIE *''dn̥ǵ<sup>u̯h</sup>eh₂'' 'tongue' was transferred to a ''t''-stem in Celtic (*''tangu̯āt'') which is not in evidence in ''pompeteχuaios''. Secondly, the regular outcome of syllabic /n/ in Celtic is /an/ rather than /en/. The authors hold on to the etymology, arguing that an archaic Celtic ''ā''-stem of the 'tongue'-word is attested in OIr. ''teng'' (only poetic) and implicitly in compound forms of regular OIr. ''tengae'' which do not inflect as consonant stems. /en/ instead of /an/ is explained as raising before nasal + homorganic stop, as attested sporadically in Continental Celtic and (arguably) in Lepontic {{w||siteś}}. Indeed, */n̥C/ > /en/ rather than /an/ is considered a feature of Lepontic by {{bib|Lejeune 1971}}: 106 f. Cf. {{w||atekua}}. | Analysed as a compound of {{m||pompe-}} 'five' and {{m||tengu̯-|tengu̯ā}} 'tongue' by {{bib|Prosdocimi 1984c}}: 431–437 (also {{bib|Prosdocimi 1986e|1986e}}: 86 f., {{bib|Prosdocimi 1987|1987}}: 577 f., {{bib|Prosdocimi 1988|1988}}: 305, {{bib|Prosdocimi & Marinetti 1991}}: 423). (See [[North Italic Script]] on the non-spelling of /n/ before /g/.) While the first element is fairly unproblematic despite /o/ in the root (see the morpheme page), the second one raises difficulties discussed by {{bib|Eska & Wallace 1999}}: 129–131. Firstly, PIE *''dn̥ǵ<sup>u̯h</sup>eh₂'' 'tongue' was transferred to a ''t''-stem in Celtic (*''tangu̯āt'') which is not in evidence in ''pompeteχuaios''. Secondly, the regular outcome of syllabic /n/ in Celtic is /an/ rather than /en/. The authors hold on to the etymology, arguing that an archaic Celtic ''ā''-stem of the 'tongue'-word is attested in OIr. ''teng'' (only poetic) and implicitly in compound forms of regular OIr. ''tengae'' which do not inflect as consonant stems. /en/ instead of /an/ is explained as raising before nasal + homorganic stop, as attested sporadically in Continental Celtic and (arguably) in Lepontic {{w||siteś}}. Indeed, */n̥C/ > /en/ rather than /an/ is considered a feature of Lepontic by {{bib|Lejeune 1971}}: 106 f. Cf. {{w||atekua}}. | ||
The {{m|-i̯-|i̯o}}-formation is interpreted as patronymic by Prosdocimi (Venetic formation, thus also {{bib|Lejeune 1990}}: 71, though patronyms in -'' | The {{m||-(i)i̯-|(i)i̯o}}-formation is interpreted as patronymic by Prosdocimi (Venetic formation, thus also {{bib|Lejeune 1990}}: 71, though patronyms in -(''i'')''i̯o'' are also attested in Cisalpine Celtic). Neither {{m||pompe-}} nor {{m||tengu̯-}}, however, are common as onomastic elements in Gaulish, and the underlying name *''pompetengu̯ā'' does not have any morphology which would derive a masculine name from the ''ā''-stem base. {{bib|Eska & Wallace 1999}}: 131 prefer to interpret the form as an adjective 'of the five tongues' = 'quinquelingual' (or 'multilingual' after {{bib|Prosdocimi & Marinetti 1991}}: 428), serving as an epithet. | ||
<p style="text-align:right;>[[User:Corinna Salomon|Corinna Salomon]]</p> | <p style="text-align:right;>[[User:Corinna Salomon|Corinna Salomon]]</p> | ||
{{bibliography}} | {{bibliography}} | ||
Latest revision as of 14:07, 2 March 2024
| Attestation: | TV·1 (:pazros:pompeteχuaios/kaialoiso) (1) |
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| Language: | Celtic |
| Word Type: | proper noun |
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| Grammatical Categories: | nom. sg. masc. |
| Stem Class: | o |
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| Morphemic Analysis: | pompe-tengu̯-ā-(i)i̯-os |
| Phonemic Analysis: | /pompetengu̯ā(i)i̯os/ |
| Meaning: | 'of the five tongues' |
Commentary
Analysed as a compound of pompe- 'five' and tengu̯ā 'tongue' by Prosdocimi 1984c: 431–437 (also 1986e: 86 f., 1987: 577 f., 1988: 305, Prosdocimi & Marinetti 1991: 423). (See North Italic Script on the non-spelling of /n/ before /g/.) While the first element is fairly unproblematic despite /o/ in the root (see the morpheme page), the second one raises difficulties discussed by Eska & Wallace 1999: 129–131. Firstly, PIE *dn̥ǵu̯heh₂ 'tongue' was transferred to a t-stem in Celtic (*tangu̯āt) which is not in evidence in pompeteχuaios. Secondly, the regular outcome of syllabic /n/ in Celtic is /an/ rather than /en/. The authors hold on to the etymology, arguing that an archaic Celtic ā-stem of the 'tongue'-word is attested in OIr. teng (only poetic) and implicitly in compound forms of regular OIr. tengae which do not inflect as consonant stems. /en/ instead of /an/ is explained as raising before nasal + homorganic stop, as attested sporadically in Continental Celtic and (arguably) in Lepontic siteś. Indeed, */n̥C/ > /en/ rather than /an/ is considered a feature of Lepontic by Lejeune 1971: 106 f. Cf. atekua.
The (i)i̯o-formation is interpreted as patronymic by Prosdocimi (Venetic formation, thus also Lejeune 1990: 71, though patronyms in -(i)i̯o are also attested in Cisalpine Celtic). Neither pompe- nor tengu̯-, however, are common as onomastic elements in Gaulish, and the underlying name *pompetengu̯ā does not have any morphology which would derive a masculine name from the ā-stem base. Eska & Wallace 1999: 131 prefer to interpret the form as an adjective 'of the five tongues' = 'quinquelingual' (or 'multilingual' after Prosdocimi & Marinetti 1991: 428), serving as an epithet.
Bibliography
| Eska & Wallace 1999 | Joseph Francis Eska, Rex E. Wallace, "The linguistic milieu of *Oderzo 7", Historische Sprachforschung 112 (1999), 122-136. |
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