BS·3.1

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Inscription
Proper name:	Inscription from Voltino [part 1 of 2]
Reading in transliteration:	tetumus / sexti / dugiaua / saśadis
Reading in original script:	TETVMVS SEXTI DVGIAVA SAADIS
Variant reading:	saṇadis (Zavaroni)
Object:	BS·3 Voltino (stela) (Inscriptions: BS·3.1, BS·3.2)
Position:	front, upper area"upper area" is not in the list (front, back, left-hand side, right-hand side, centre, top, bottom, neck, shoulder, foot, ...) of allowed values for the "position" property.
Orientation:	0°
Frame:	(left: straight, middle: top, right: straight)
Direction of writing:	dextroverse
Script:	Latin Script"Latin Script" is not in the list (Greek script, Etruscan script, Latin script, North Italic script, Camunic script, none, unknown) of allowed values for the "script" property.
Number of letters:	26
Number of words:	4
Number of lines:	4
Workmanship:	carved, painted
Condition:	complete
Archaeological culture:	Augustan [from object]
Date of inscription:	end of 1st century BC / beginning of 1st century AD [from object]
Type:	funerary
Language:	prob. Latin
Syntactic analysis:	-
Meaning:	"Tetumus son of Sextus and Dugiava daughter of Saśadis/Saṇadis (are buried here)"
Alternative sigla:	Whatmough 1933 (PID): 249 Morandi 2004: 233 1-4
Sources:	Zavaroni 2008: 20 Morandi 2004: 670-671 & 806 (pl. XXIX) Lejeune 1971: 64 fn. 220 Eska 1989: 106-107

Commentary

= CIL: V 4883
=Fabretti 1867 (CII): 13 The fourth word has mostly been read saśadis, because the graphem looks like a Lepontic San. Zavaroni (2008: 20) and Schürr (2007: 340-341) though propose the reading saṇadis (or possibly also saṇṇadis, if this sign should be a ligature for nn). For the reading of this sign cf. also Tibiletti Bruno 1990: 65 fn. 30, cipośis on VB·30. Zavaroni (2008: 23-31) puts forward, that it could be a double onomastic formula, once Gaulish-/Latinised and once Camunic/Euganic, where tetumus = θome, sanadis = sanaθina. For Etruscan parallels see Zavaroni 2008: 23, CIE: 1416, CIE: 890, CIE: 1048. For parallels with the PN in the area of Brescia and regarding the discussion of the Celts (= celtic culture) in Valcamonica see Schürr 2007: 341-342, fn. 11, Untermann 1959, Meid 1989: 26, Priuli 1993: 27ff., Pause 1997: 261.
Further references:

• Lejeune 1971: p. 64, Note 220
• Tibiletti Bruno 1978: pp. 175, 218-219
• Eska 1998c: p. 26

Bibliography

CIE	Carl Pauli, Olof August Danielsson et al. (eds.), Corpus Inscriptionum Etruscarum. (3 volumes, various parts)
CII	Ariodante Fabretti, Corpus inscriptionum italicarum antiquioris aevi. Ordine geographico digestum et glossarium italicum, in quo omnia vocabula continentur ex umbricis, sabinis, oscis, volscis, etruscis aliisque monumentis quae supersunt, Augusta Taurinorum: 1867.
CIL	Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum. (17 volumes, various supplements)
Eska 1989	Joseph Francis Eska, "Interpreting the Gaulish inscription of Voltino", Bulletin of the Board of Celtic Studies 36 (1989), 106-107.
Eska 1998c	Josef Francis Eska, "PIE *p (doesn't become) Ø in proto Celtic", Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft 58 (1998), 63-80.